A: Cataracts and secondary glaucoma—diabetic patients develop these conditions earlier than the general population.
Refractive instability—When blood sugar levels fluctuate significantly in diabetic patients, refractive power is affected, leading to temporary hyperopia or myopia.
Retinopathy and Macular Edema — Diabetes can damage the tiny blood vessels in the retina, potentially leading to protein leakage or bleeding, gradually impairing visual function. It may even cause fragile new blood vessels to grow on the retina, resulting in vitreous hemorrhage and retinal fibrosis.